The country is home … It was built in a brick stone veneer and demolished in 1972 to make way for Harry Seidler's MLC Centre. [N 5][294][295], 38.2% of people in Sydney speak a language other than English at home with Mandarin (4.7%), Arabic (4.0%), Cantonese (2.9%), Vietnamese (2.1%) and Greek (1.6%) the most widely spoken.[298]. Windsor and Old Windsor Roads are historic roads in Australia, as they are the second and third roads, respectively, laid in the colony. The city's two largest film festivals are Sydney Film Festival and Tropfest. [345] Rugby league separated from rugby union in 1908. Each day about 200,000 commuters travel from Western Sydney to the CBD and suburbs in the east and north of the city. In 2010, 80,000 runners participated which made it the largest run of its kind in the world. Sydney (/ˈsɪdni/ (listen) SID-nee; Dharug: Cadi) is the capital city of the state of New South Wales, and the most populous city in Australia and Oceania. Early efforts at agriculture were fraught and supplies from overseas were scarce. North Sydney itself consists of a large commercial centre, with its own business centre, which contains the second largest concentration of high-rise buildings in Sydney, after the CBD. The colonial settlements elsewhere on the continent eventually seceded from New South Wales and formed their own governments. [104] Sydney has an average of 7.2 hours of sunshine per day[105] and 109.5 clear days annually. Central and Circular Quay are transport hubs with ferry, rail, and bus interchanges. Australien (amtlicher deutscher Name; englisch Commonwealth of Australia, deutsch veraltet Australischer Bund) ist ein Staat auf der Südhalbkugel der Erde, der die gesamte Landmasse des australischen Kontinents, die ihr südlich vorgelagerte Insel Tasmanien, die subantarktische Macquarieinsel mit ihren Nebeninseln und als Außengebiete die pazifische Norfolkinsel, die … [31] Boasting over 1,000,000 ha (2,500,000 acres) of nature reserves and parks,[32] its notable natural features include Sydney Harbour, the Royal National Park, Royal Botanic Garden and Hyde Park, the oldest parkland in the country. [38] Cook was on a mission of exploration and was not commissioned to start a settlement. [279], Major developmental projects designed to increase Sydney's tourism sector include a casino and hotel at Barangaroo and the redevelopment of East Darling Harbour, which involves a new exhibition and convention centre, now Australia's largest. [430] Dams were built on these three rivers between 1907 and 1935. [433] The Sydney Desalination Plant came into operation in 2010.[430]. Um diese einmal selbst sehen zu dürfen, reisen jährlich mehrere Millionen internationale Besucher nach Down Under und nehmen entweder an … Population growth was very slow until significant discoveries of gold were made in the 1890s around Kalgoorlie. [375], Governor Lachlan Macquarie arranged for the construction of Sydney Hospital and saw it completed in 1816. A total of 39,000 tonnes of structural steel span the 503 metres (1,650 feet) between Milsons Point and Dawes Point.[69][205]. [373] 14 of the 17 selective secondary schools in New South Wales are based in Sydney. There are also 17 weekly Community Newspapers with distribution from Yanchep in the north to Mandurah in the south. At the 2011 census, 2.4% of Sydney residents are enrolled in a TAFE course. The Parramatta River is mostly industrial and drains a large area of Sydney's western suburbs into Port Jackson. The Flora of Western Australia comprises 10,162 published native vascular plant species, along with a further 1,196 species currently recognised but unpublished. Western Australia produces less than 5% of the country's wine output, but in quality terms is considered to be very much near the top. XCrystal , 09.05.2019. A gold rush occurred in the colony in 1851, and over the next century, Sydney transformed from a colonial outpost into a major global cultural and economic centre. Wikimedia Deutschland e. V. Über uns. [263] The primary cause for rising prices is the increasing cost of land and scarcity[264] which made up 32% of house prices in 1977 compared to 60% in 2002. The Greater Sydney Commission divides Sydney into five districts based on the 33 LGAs in the metropolitan area; the Western City, the Central City, the Eastern City, the North District, and the South District. The interstate broadsheet publication The Australian is also available, although with sales per capita lagging far behind those in other states. The Nepean River wraps around the western edge of the city and becomes the Hawkesbury River before reaching Broken Bay. The indigenous people of Sydney held totemic beliefs known as "dreamings". Coal mined at Collie is the main fuel for baseload electricity generation in the state's south-west. North Sydney is dominated by advertising, marketing businesses and associated trades, with many large corporations holding office in the region. [358] The Parliament of New South Wales sits in Parliament House on Macquarie Street. [412][413] Strategies have been implemented to reduce private vehicle pollution by encouraging mass and public transit,[414] initiating the development of high density housing and introducing a fleet of 10 new Nissan LEAF electric cars, the largest order of the pollution-free vehicle in Australia. Mark McGowan is the premier, having defeated Colin Barnett at the state election on 11 March 2017 and retained power at the 2021 election. Sydney - Wikipedia . A catchment called the Tank Stream sourced water from what is now the CBD but was little more than an open sewer by the end of the 1700s. [144] Originally located well outside of the city, Darlinghurst is the location of the historic, former Darlinghurst Gaol, manufacturing, and mixed housing. Sydney's first tower was Culwulla Chambers on the corner of King Street and Castlereagh Street which topped out at 50 metres (160 feet) making 12 floors. [411] Furthermore, the city also has the highest usage of public transport in an Australian city, at 27%–making it comparable with New York City, Shanghai and Berlin. Sydney also features a few areas of wet sclerophyll forests which are found in the wetter, elevated areas in the north and the northeast. The people of Sydney warmly welcomed Queen Elizabeth II in 1954 when the reigning monarch stepped onto Australian soil for the first time to commence her Australian Royal Tour. [N 5][35][36], At the 2016 census, 75.2% of inhabitants spoke only English at home, with the next most common languages being Mandarin (1.9%), Italian (1.2%), Vietnamese (0.8%), Cantonese (0.8%) and Tagalog (0.6%). The New South Wales Waratahs contest the Super Rugby competition, while the Sydney Rays represent the city in the National Rugby Championship. It is bordered by Farm Cove within the Royal Botanic Garden to the east and Darling Harbour to the west. [77], Sydney is made up of mostly Triassic rock with some recent igneous dykes and volcanic necks. The Sydney Swans and Greater Western Sydney Giants are local Australian rules football clubs that play in the Australian Football League. [139] Recent statements by the state government (on the topic of the COVID-19 pandemic) have included the Blue Mountains, the Central Coast, and Wollongong as parts of Greater Sydney. The city's other prominent theatre companies are New Theatre, Belvoir, and Griffin Theatre Company. In 1804, Irish convicts led the Castle Hill Rebellion, a rebellion by convicts against colonial authority in the Castle Hill area of the British colony of New South Wales. Aust. Waren ein Jahr mit einem … Haberfield is known as "The Federation Suburb"[by whom?] [250] Global companies are attracted to the city in part because its time zone spans the closing of business in North America and the opening of business in Europe. Sydney Airport, officially "Sydney Kingsford-Smith Airport", is located in the inner southern suburb of Mascot with two of the runways going into Botany Bay. Snow is rare in the state and typically occurs only in the Stirling Range near Albany, as it is the only mountain range far enough south and sufficiently elevated. Informally there are at least 15 regions. [278], Popular destinations include the Sydney Opera House, the Sydney Harbour Bridge, Watsons Bay, The Rocks, Sydney Tower, Darling Harbour, the State Library of New South Wales, the Royal Botanic Garden, the Australian Museum, the Museum of Contemporary Art, the Art Gallery of New South Wales, the Queen Victoria Building, Sea Life Sydney Aquarium, Taronga Zoo, Bondi Beach, and Sydney Olympic Park. Sydney's beaches had become popular seaside holiday resorts, but daylight sea bathing was considered indecent until the early 20th century.[49]. [245], Sydney's nominal gross domestic product was AU$400.9 billion and AU$80,000 per capita[246] in 2015. Wolseley Road, in Point Piper, has a top price of $20,900 per square metre, making it the ninth-most expensive street in the world. The central two-thirds of the state is arid and sparsely inhabited. Under the reign of Queen Victoria federation of the six colonies occurred on 1 January 1901. [70] Households throughout the city had built air raid shelters and performed drills. Tasmania separated in 1825, Victoria did so in 1850, and Queensland followed in 1859. [415] Electric cars do not produce carbon monoxide and nitrous oxide, gases which contribute to climate change. The 2011 Australian census found the Northern Beaches to be the most white and mono-ethnic district in Australia, contrasting with its more-diverse neighbours, the North Shore and the Central Coast.[164]. It is a major world producer of bauxite, which is processed into alumina at four refineries providing 11% of total world production. [319] The first Australian-born female novelist, Louisa Atkinson, set various of her novels in Sydney. After British settlement in Australia in 1788, it was called the Port Phillip District of New South Wales. The first Europeans to visit Western Australia belonged to the Dutch Dirk Hartog expedition, who visited the Western Australian coast in 1616. [44][45], Agricultural production in WA is a major contributor to the state and national economy. [2], There are six public universities based in Sydney: The University of Sydney, University of New South Wales, University of Technology Sydney, Macquarie University, Western Sydney University, and Australian Catholic University. It is one of nine sister city relationships between Western Australian and Japanese cities. This year too Wikimedia CH will join the Wiki Loves Monuments international photo contest.. Wiki Loves Monuments is an international photo contest dedicated to collecting pictures of historical monuments and heritage sites to illustrate articles in the worldwide free Internet encyclopedia Wikipedia and other Wikimedia Foundation projects.. What? The Greater Sydney Commission envisions a resident population of 1,338,250 people by 2036 in its Eastern City District (including the City and Inner West). [404] Since 1995, there have been significant developments in the analysis of air pollution in the Sydney metropolitan region. Around 29 clan groups of the Eora Nation inhabited the region at the time of European contact. As climate change, greenhouse gas emissions and pollution have become a major issue for Australia, Sydney has in the past been criticised for its lack of focus on reducing pollution, cutting back on emissions and maintaining water quality. The suburb of Cronulla in southern Sydney is close to Royal National Park, Australia's oldest national park. [329] The travelling rock music festival Big Day Out originated in Sydney. Dieses entstand vor etwa einer Milliarde Jahren, im frühen Neoproterozoikum, als Teil eines größeren Sedimentbeckens, des sogenannten Centralian … Opened on 1 April 1892, its shop fronts are an exact replica of the original internal shopping facades. Covering 5,800 square kilometres (2,200 sq mi) and having an estimated resident population as at 2017 of 2,288,554, western Sydney has the most multicultural suburbs in the country. It was constructed in 1876,[151] and will be a future terminus of Parramatta Light Rail. [79][80][81] The two governments signed a memorandum of understanding on the 20th anniversary in 2001 that aimed to improve the economic relationship between the two states. [244][283] International education contributes $1.6 billion to the local economy and creates demand for 4,000 local jobs each year. The Eastern Suburbs encompass the Municipality of Woollahra, the City of Randwick, the Waverley Municipal Council, and parts of the Bayside Council. Macquarie Street began to take shape as a ceremonial thoroughfare of grand buildings. [116] In 2009, dry conditions brought a severe dust storm towards eastern Australia. [353] In 1823 the British Parliament passed an act to create the Legislative Council in New South Wales and give the Supreme Court the right of review over new legislation. [267] The Commonwealth Bank of Australia was formed in Sydney in 1911 and began to issue notes backed by the resources of the nation. [79] Sydney features two major soil types; sandy soils (which originate from the Hawkesbury sandstone) and clay (which are from shales and volcanic rocks), though some soils may be a mixture of the two. Robe is the main town in the District Council of Robe local government area. [236] Under the orders of Macquarie the land to the immediate north of The Domain became the Royal Botanic Garden in 1816. Lieutenant William Dawes produced a town plan in 1790 but it was ignored by the colony's leaders. [2], Macquarie gave a charter in 1817 to form the first bank in Australia, the Bank of New South Wales. Products for local consumption and export include western rock lobsters, prawns, crabs, shark and tuna, as well as pearl fishing in the Kimberley region of the state. ... Er verließ Australien 1966 und betrat den Kontinent nie wieder. In 1887, a new constitution was drafted, providing for the right of self-governance of European Australians and in 1890, the act granting self-government to the colony was passed by the British Parliament. Governor Lachlan Macquarie solved the second problem by creating two coins from every Spanish silver dollar in circulation. At the 2016 census, the most commonly nominated ancestries were:[N 2][294][295], At the 2016 census, there were 2,071,872 people living in Sydney that were born outside the country, accounting for 42.9% of the population,[298] below Miami (58.3%) and Toronto (47.0%), but above Vancouver (42.5%), Los Angeles (37.7%), New York City (37.5%), Chicago (20.7%), Paris (14.6%) and Berlin (13%). [226][227] These terraces, particularly those in suburbs such as The Rocks, were historically home to Sydney's miners and labourers. [34] There are five universities in Western Australia. Prior to the arrival of the British, there were 4,000 to 8,000 native people in Sydney from as many as 29 different clans. The settlement was formally annexed on 21 January 1827 by Lockyer when he commanded the Union Jack be raised and a feu de joie fired by the troops. [101] Sydney experiences an urban heat island effect. [345][346] Disputes about appropriate clothing for surf bathing surfaced from time to time and concerned men as well as women. [291][292] The four most densely populated suburbs in Australia are located in Sydney with each having more than 13,000 residents per square kilometre (33,700 residents per square mile). [257], In 2016, 57.6% of working age residents had a total weekly income of less than $1,000 and 14.4% had a total weekly income of $1,750 or more. [221][256] The largest reported occupations are professionals, clerical and administrative workers, managers, technicians and trades workers, and community and personal service workers. Alle wichtigen Artikel zum Thema Kompressoren auf findest du bei ScreenHaus! [304][305] Other rock art sites exist in the Sydney region, such as in Terrey Hills and Bondi, although the locations of most are not publicised to prevent damage by vandalism, and to retain their quality, as they are still regarded as sacred sites by Indigenous Australians. [43][48] Gold was discovered in the colony in 1851 and with it came thousands of people seeking their fortune. [65] Students have the option to study at a TAFE college after Year 10,[66] or continue through to Year 12 with vocational courses or a university entrance courses.[67]. There was a 30% increase in the number of apartments in Sydney between 1996 and 2006. The Northern Beaches area includes Manly, one of Sydney's most popular holiday destinations for much of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The earliest Europeans to visit the area noted that the indigenous people were conducting activities such as camping and fishing, using trees for bark and food, collecting shells, and cooking fish. Despite being one of the most expensive cities in the world,[17] Sydney frequently ranks in the top ten most liveable cities in the world. [106], The weather is moderated by proximity to the ocean, and more extreme temperatures are recorded in the inland western suburbs. Although tending to be highly seasonal, in the period 2010–2019 wheat production in WA has averaged nearly 10 million tonnes ($2.816 billion in 2019), accounting for half the nation's total and providing $2–3 billion in export income. [24][25] Structured finance was pioneered in Sydney and the city is a leading hub for asset management firms. The southern parts of the city are drained by the Georges River and the Cooks River into Botany Bay. [224], Sydney is one of the most expensive real estate markets globally. [266] New private banks opened throughout the 1800s but the financial system was unstable. The first indications of a proper legal system emerged with the passing of a Charter of Justice in 1814. 3.5 Ga hot spring deposits", "Average annual, seasonal and monthly rainfall", Snow in Western Australia: About Snow in WA, "Rainfall and Temperature Records: National", "New linear systematic sequence for vascular plants", "3218.0 – Regional Population Growth, Australia, 2016–17: Population Estimates by Significant Urban Area, 2007 to 2017", "2016 Census Community Profiles: Western Australia", "Feature Article - Ethnic and Cultural Diversity in Australia (Feature Article)", "Australian National Accounts: State Accounts, 2017–18", "2006 Census QuickStats: Western Australia, October 2007", "BP sticks by Kwinana despite Qld closure", "Tropical Forestry Services becomes Quintis as the company shifts focus", "From the Gibson Desert to New York, these sandalwood harvesters are winning over the perfume market", "Tourism Western Australia : Fast Facts Year Ending March 2015", "Tourism Satellite Account : Western Australia 2013 – 2014 : Fact Sheet", Review Essay, New Federation History, Melbourne University Law Review, "25 May 1935 – W. A. Secession Petition Disallowed Committee's ...", "Year 7 students move to secondary school – School education – The Department of Education", "Enrolling in school – The Department of Education", "TAFE Admissions guide for entry to full time courses", "Western Australian Certificate of Education: WACE Manual: General information for senior secondary schooling 2018", "Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation – Western Australian Wine", "Japanese garden a tribute to Sister State relationship with Hyogo prefecture", "Memorial service pays tribute to Japanese earthquake victims", "Hansard, Western Australian Legislative Assembly", Watch historical footage of Western Australia, Watch audiovisual material relating to Western Australia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Western_Australia&oldid=1016629931, Former British colonies and protectorates in Oceania, States and territories established in 1829, Articles with dead external links from December 2016, Australian Statistical Geography Standard 2016 ID same as Wikidata, Articles with incomplete citations from November 2011, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in Australian English, Pages using infobox settlement with possible demonym list, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2017, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2014, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Western Australian, Sandgroper (colloquial).