Most archaeologists believe that Machu Picchu was constructed as an estate for the Inca emperor Pachacuti (1438–1472). [20]:137[non-primary source needed], At Mandor Pampa, Bingham asked farmer and innkeeper Melchor Arteaga if he knew of any nearby ruins. The Guardhouse is a three-sided building, with one of its long sides opening onto the Terrace of the Ceremonial Rock. En route, Bingham asked local people to show them Inca ruins, especially any place described as having a white rock over a spring. p. 585, sfn error: no target: CITEREFWrightValencia_ZegarraCrowley2000b (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFLonghena2010 (, sfn error: multiple targets (3×): CITEREFBurgerSalazar2004 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFHerzog2002 (, Learn how and when to remove this template message, National University of San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Iperu, tourist information and assistance, List of archaeoastronomical sites by country, "Machu Picchu: Facts & History - Abandonment of Machu Picchu", Nonato Rufino Chuquimamani Valer, Carmen Gladis Alosilla Morales, Victoria Choque Valer: Qullaw Qichwapa Simi Qullqan. Tauchen Sie ein in die Geschichte der Inkas und begeben Sie sich auf die Spuren der Legenden von Machu Picchu. Entrance was limited to 2,500 visitors per day, and entrance to Huayna Picchu (within the citadel) was further restricted to 400 visitors per day. (Batievsky 100)[42] ) Local press perpetuated the accusations, claiming that the excavation harmed the site and deprived local archaeologists of knowledge about their own history. Machu Picchu, was in der Quechua-Sprache "Alter Berg" bedeutet, wurde tatsächlich auf der Spitze eines Berges erbaut, und es ist nicht möglich, ihn von unten zu betrachten. The terraces received so much rain that they were built by Incan engineers specifically to allow for ample drainage of the extra water. [90] The artifacts are permanently exhibited at the Museo Machu Picchu, La Casa Concha ("The Shell House"), close to Cusco's colonial center. Machu Picchu wurde im klassischen Inka-Stil erbaut, mit polierten Trockenmauern. [36] The next day, 24 July, Arteaga led Bingham and Sergeant Carrasco across the river on a log bridge and up the Machu Picchu site. Bingham was unclear about the original purpose of the ruins, but decided that there was no indication that it matched the description of Vitcos. [41] Rumors arose that the team was stealing artifacts and smuggling them out of Peru through Bolivia. [66] They congregate at Cusco before starting on the one-, two-, four- or five-day journey on foot from kilometer 82 (or 77 or 85, four/five-day trip) or kilometer 104 (one/two-day trip) near the town of Ollantaytambo in the Urubamba valley, walking up through the Andes to the isolated city. In addition to the ruins, the sanctuary includes a large portion of the adjoining region, rich with the flora and fauna of the Peruvian Yungas and Central Andean wet puna ecoregions. Back in Cusco again, Bingham asked planters about the places mentioned by Calancha, particularly along the Urubamba River. Machu Picchu was temporarily closed,[82] reopening on 1 April 2010. Daher hätten die spanischen Eroberer sogar unter ihr hindurchgehen können, ohne sie zu finden. Instead, there was bone damage from various species of water parasites indigenous to different areas of Peru. [58], Architecturally, Inti Mach'ay is the most significant structure at Machu Picchu. [25] Six dogs were also recovered from the site. On this day, noble boys were initiated into manhood by an ear-piercing ritual as they stood inside the cave and watched the sunrise. Insgesamt erheben die Wände sich nicht kerzengerade, sondern sind von Reihe … Amazingly, no wheels were used to transport heavy rocks for the construction of the city. In the 1990s, the government prohibited helicopter landings. Bild Colourbox. Erst 1948 baute man von Aguas Calientes aus die Carretera Hiram Bingham, eine Serpentinenstraße hinauf nach Machu Picchu. [91], The opening sequence of the film Aguirre, the Wrath of God (1972) was shot in the Machu Picchu area and on the stone stairway of Huayna Picchu. [94], Multimedia artist Kimsooja used footage shot near Machu Picchu in the first episode of her film series Thread Routes, shot in 2010. Wer den beschwerlichen Weg über den Inka-Trail oder den Salkantay-Trail geschafft hat und auf Machu Picchu blickt, kann nicht anders, als überwältigt zu sein. [34], In 1983, UNESCO designated Machu Picchu a World Heritage site, describing it as "an absolute masterpiece of architecture and a unique testimony to the Inca civilization". Though Bingham was not the first to visit the ruins, he was considered the scientific discoverer who brought Machu Picchu to international attention. Five hundred indigenous people were hired as extras in the film. Bingham was abiding by the 1852 Civil Code of Peru; the code stated that "archaeological finds generally belonged to the discoverer, except when they had been discovered on private land." [81], In January 2010, heavy rain caused flooding that buried or washed away roads and railways to Machu Picchu, trapping more than 2,000 locals and more than 2,000 tourists, later airlifted out to safety. Das 2000-Seelen-Städtchen Ollantaytambo ist im 15. [26] On top of the gravel was a layer of mixed sand and gravel packed together, with rich topsoil covering all of that. Der Machu Picchu ist eine imposante Ruinenstadt, welche um ca. Unsicher ist jedoch, warum die Stadt überhaupt gebaut wurde und zu welchem Zweck, wobei zahlreiche Legenden dies zu erklären versuchen. Jahrhundert von den Inkas erbaut worden und nach Wikipedia ist es das einzig verbliebene Beispiel für die Stadtplanung aus der Inka-Zeit. [48], The site is roughly divided into an urban sector and an agricultural sector, and into an upper town and a lower town. He took preliminary notes, measurements, and photographs, noting the fine quality of Inca stonework of several principal buildings. Located in the first zone are the primary archaeological treasures: the Intihuatana, the Temple of the Sun and the Room of the Three Windows. Die Puerta del Sol war ihr ursprünglicher Zugang. These were dedicated to Inti, their sun god and greatest deity. Guinea pigs were also found at the site in special burial caves, suggesting that they were at least used for funerary rituals,[18][page needed] as it was common throughout the Inca Empire to use them for sacrifices and meat. It was shown that the topsoil was probably moved from the valley floor to the terraces because it was much better than the soil higher up the mountain. Inca walls have many stabilizing features: doors and windows are trapezoidal, narrowing from bottom to top; corners usually are rounded; inside corners often incline slightly into the rooms, and outside corners were often tied together by "L"-shaped blocks; walls are offset slightly from row to row rather than rising straight from bottom to top. Eliane Karp, an anthropologist and wife of former Peruvian President Alejandro Toledo, accused Yale of profiting from Peru's cultural heritage. Its three primary structures are the Intihuatana, the Temple of the Sun, and the Room of the Three Windows. [18] Construction appears to date from two great Inca rulers, Pachacutec Inca Yupanqui (1438–1471) and Túpac Inca Yupanqui (1472–1493). During the harsher season, staff dropped down to around a hundred servants and a few religious specialists focused on maintenance alone. The Monumental Mausoleum is a carved statue with a vaulted interior and carved drawings. Seit 1983 ist Machu Picchu UNESCO-Weltkulturerbe und wurde zudem zu einem der „neuen sieben Weltwunder“ gewählt. The suffix -na derives nouns for tools or places. Rather it was used for 80 years before being abandoned, seemingly because of the Spanish Conquests in other parts of the Inca Empire. more, Machu Picchu Tourism: Best of Machu Picchu. [89] The third and final batch of artifacts was delivered November 2012. The various compounds, called kanchas, are long and narrow in order to exploit the terrain. The expedition undertook a four-month clearing of the site with local labour, which was expedited with the support of the Prefect of Cuzco. In the 1970s, Burger and Asaro determined that these obsidian samples were from the Titicaca or Chivay obsidian source, and that the samples from Machu Picchu showed long-distance transport of this obsidian type in pre-Hispanic Peru. [19][20]:xxxvi There is a consensus among archaeologists that Pachacutec ordered the construction of the royal estate for himself, most likely after a successful military campaign. Oder waren es auch praktische Erwägungen? Machu Picchu wurde vermutlich vor mehr als 500 Jahren im Auftrag des Inka-Herrschers Pachacutec erbaut. [78], In 2014 nude tourism was a trend at Machu Picchu and Peru's Ministry of Culture denounced the activity. Lima, 2014, Diccionario Bilingüe, Iskay simipi yuyayk'ancha, Quechua – Castellano, Castellano – Quechua, "Where are the Edges of a Protected Area? [70] In 2018, plans were restarted to again construct a cable car to encourage Peruvians to visit Machu Picchu and boost domestic tourism. Die gut erhaltene Ruinenstadt in den Anden wurde im 15. Erbaut wurde die Stadt einer Theorie zufolge um 1450 auf Befehl des Inka-Herrschers Pachacútec Yupanqui, der von 1438 bis 1471 regierte. [95], The song "Kilimanjaro", from the South Indian Tamil film Enthiran (2010), was filmed in Machu Picchu. [72] UNESCO is considering putting Machu Picchu on its List of World Heritage in Danger. Only later did Bingham learn that Charles Wiener also heard of the ruins at Huayna Picchu and Machu Picchu, but was unable to reach them. This may not be a coincidence, according to 2019 research: "One simple answer, researchers now suggest, is that that’s where building materials for the site — large amounts of already fractured rock — were readily available." MACHU PICCHU, auf deutsch der alte Berg. [38][20]:xxxv[non-primary source needed], Bingham returned to Machu Picchu in 1912 under the sponsorship of Yale University and National Geographic again and with the full support of Peruvian President Leguia. These terraces were a work of considerable engineering, built to ensure good drainage and soil fertility while also protecting the mountain itself from erosion and landslides. [11] By 1976, 30% of Machu Picchu had been restored[11] and restoration continues. In English, the name is pronounced /ˌmɑːtʃuː piːtʃuː/[6][7] or /ˌmɑːtʃuː piːktʃuː/,[7][8] in Spanish as [ˈmatʃu ˈpitʃu] or [ˈmatʃu ˈpiktʃu],[9] and in Quechua (Machu Pikchu)[10] as [ˈmatʃʊ ˈpɪktʃʊ]. Wie sagt man so schön: Lieber etwas einmal gesehen haben, als ständig davon zu hören.. Stell sicher, dass du einen guten Guide an deiner Seite hast, der dich auf einer Rundtour durch Machu Picchu … Vorwiegend waren es Mitimaes, Umgesiedelte aus anderen Gebieten. None of Bingham's several hypotheses explaining the site held up. [22] Most skeletal remains found at the site had lower levels of arthritis and bone fractures than those found in most sites of the Inca Empire. Sophisticated channeling systems provided irrigation for the fields. [31], The ruins were mostly covered with vegetation except for the cleared agricultural terraces and clearings used by the farmers as vegetable gardens. This is the version of our website addressed to speakers of English in the United States. Dem Weltverständnis der Inka entsprechend war Machu Picchu wie Cusco in eine obere und eine untere Hälfte aufgeteilt. Owned by the National University of San Antonio Abad del Cusco, La Casa Concha also features a study area for local and foreign students. (In fact, Bingham removed many artifacts, but openly and legally; they were deposited in the Yale University Museum. Die Stadt wurde Mitte des 15. [59] Inti Mach'ay is located on the eastern side of Machu Picchu, just north of the "Condor Stone." Ein geologisches X markiert den "Schatz" Machu Picchu - Geologen haben herausgefunden, warum die Inkastadt ausgerechnet an keinem anderen Standort hätte erbaut … [45] As such, it had a milder climate than the Inca capital. In particular, Ramos thought Vitcos was "near a great white rock over a spring of fresh water." The three-sided style of Inca architecture is known as the wayrona style. The Inca road system included a route to the Machu Picchu region. [18][page needed], Animals are also suspected to have migrated to Machu Picchu as there were several bones found that were not native to the area. At the top of the mountain, they came across a small hut occupied by a couple of Quechua, Richard and Alvarez, who were farming some of the original Machu Picchu agricultural terraces that they had cleared four years earlier. [16], Machu Picchu is believed (by Richard L. Burger) to have been built in the 1450s. [52], This semicircular temple is built on the same rock overlying Bingham's "Royal Mausoleum", and is similar to the Temple of the Sun found in Cusco and the Temple of the Sun found in Pisac, in having what Bingham described as a "parabolic enclosure wall". Eine auf Deutsch geführte Besichtigung der Ruinen von Machu Picchu gilt als Höhepunkte der Peru Reise. Ken has estimated that 60 percent of the construction is underground. [23], Even though Machu Picchu was located only about 80 kilometers (50 mi) from the Inca capital in Cusco, the Spanish never found it and so did not plunder or destroy it, as they did many other sites. In 1964, Gene Savoy further explored the ruins at Espiritu Pampa and revealed the full extent of the site, identifying it as Vilcabamba Viejo, where the Incas fled after the Spanish drove them from Vitcos. [63] Multiple canals and reserves throughout the city provided water that could be supplied to the terraces for irrigation and to prevent erosion and flooding. Die Anlage wurde vermutlich im 15. The closest access point to Machu Picchu is the village of Machupicchu, also known as Aguas Calientes. The terraces reduced soil erosion and protected against landslides. Jedes Jahr pilgern Millionen von Menschen zu dieser Kultstätte, um sich ein eigenes Bild, dieses mystischen Ortes zu machen. Stone stairways set in the walls allowed access to the different levels across the site. [74][75][76][77] UNESCO received criticism for allowing tourists at the location given high risks of landslides, earthquakes and injury due to decaying structures. Machu Picchu von Aliens erschaffen In Russland soll er eine uneheliche Tochter haben. American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC. Unlike other locations, sacred rocks often defaced by the conquistadors remain untouched at Machu Picchu. He organized the 1911 Yale Peruvian Expedition in part to search for the Inca capital, which was thought to be the city of Vitcos. Machu Picchu ist eine von den Inka erbauten Stätte in Peru. In der oberen Stadthälfte befanden sich vorwiegend die Verwaltungsgebäude und kultische E… He then crossed a pass and into the Pampaconas Valley where he found more ruins heavily buried in the jungle undergrowth at Espíritu Pampa, which he named "Trombone Pampa". The Incas built the estate around 1450 but abandoned it a century later at the time of the Spanish conquest. War es nur die versteckte, nahezu uneinnehmbare Lage? [65][page needed]. Dating to the mid-1400s, it's a marvel of mortar-free limestone architecture perched on a high plateau deep in the Amazonian jungle. [31], Over the centuries, the surrounding jungle overgrew the site, and few outside the immediate area knew of its existence. These stones are arranged to point directly at the sun during the winter solstice. [73], Tourist deaths have been linked to altitude sickness, floods and hiking accidents. Both could be blocked easily, should invaders approach along them. Der Zug startet um 9 Uhr, rund zwei Stunden später befinde ich mich am Ziel. Erst 1911 entdeckte Hiram Bingham Macchu Picchu. Machu Picchu ist eine Inkastadt, die von Tempeln, Plattformen und Wasserkanälen umgeben ist und auf einem Berg erbaut wurde. [92], Machu Picchu was featured prominently in the film The Motorcycle Diaries (2004), a biopic based on the 1952 youthful travel memoir of Marxist revolutionary Che Guevara. [41], Little information describes human sacrifices at Machu Picchu, though many sacrifices were never given a proper burial, and their skeletal remains succumbed to the elements. The city sits in a saddle between the two mountains Machu Picchu and Huayna Picchu,[30] with a commanding view down two valleys and a nearly impassable mountain at its back. Die Anlage mit ihren Terrassen und Tempeln liegt auf 2.430 Metern Höhe, oberhalb dem malerischen Urubambatal. Machu Picchu was built in the classical Inca style, with polished dry-stone walls. The Inca constellation Qullca, storehouse, can be viewed out the Qullqa Window at sunset during the 15th-century June Solstice, hence the window's name. [2][3] It is located in the Machupicchu District within Urubamba Province[4] above the Sacred Valley, which is 80 kilometres (50 mi) northwest of Cuzco. "Peru to Tourists: 'Stop getting naked at Machu Picchu! Places to see, ways to wander, and signature experiences. [68] As Peru's most visited tourist attraction and major revenue generator, it is continually exposed to economic and commercial forces. 1440 von den Inkas auf einem Berg der Anden in ihrer Hauptstadt Cuzco (Peru) erbaut wurde. [71] A no-fly zone exists above the area. The use of wheels in engineering may have been limited due to the lack of strong draft animals, combined with steep terrain and dense vegetation. In the late 1990s, the Peruvian government granted concessions to allow the construction of a cable car and a luxury hotel, including a tourist complex with boutiques and restaurants and a bridge to the site. Die Stätte zeugt von der beeindruckenden Baukunst der Inka. Die Inka-Stadt Machu Picchu wurde von etwa 1450 bis 1460 auf einem Bergrücken in den Anden erbaut. Am besten kannst du den Geheimnissen von Machu Picchu auf einer eigenen Reise dorthin auf die Schliche kommen. Machu Picchu is both a cultural and natural UNESCO World Heritage Site. Die Stadt umfasste einst 216 Bauten aus Stein, die terrassenförmig auf rund 3000 Stufen erbaut wurden. Similar layering protected the large city center from flooding. [57] The stone is situated at 13°9'48" S. At midday on 11 November and 30 January, the sun stands almost exactly above the pillar, casting no shadow. "Machu Picchu clearly shows us that the Incan civilization was an empire of fractured rocks".[61]. [13] In 2007, Machu Picchu was voted one of the New Seven Wonders of the World in a worldwide internet poll. Machu Picchu oder Machu Pichu ist die Sehenswürdigkeit auf Ihrer Rundreise in Peru. A few stones have knobs that could have been used to lever them into position; the knobs were generally sanded away, with a few overlooked. Yale acknowledged Peru's title to all the objects, but would share rights with Peru in the research collection, part of which would remain at Yale for continuing study. [79], From 1994 to 2019, the Chief of the National Archaeological Park of Machu Picchu was Fernando Astete, a Peruvian anthropologist and archaeologist, who worked for more than thirty years on the preservation, conservation and research of the site. It is located in the Machupicchu District within Urubamba Province above the Sacred Valley, which is 80 kilometres (50 mi) northwest of Cuzco. [12], Machu Picchu was declared a Peruvian Historic Sanctuary in 1981 and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983. The tradition is upheld by members of the New Age Andean religion.[44]:263. Safin bestreitet jedoch vehement, eine gewisse Eva Jakubovskaja gezeugt zu haben. „Ungefähr zwei Drittel des Aufwands für den Bau des Schutzgebiets betrafen den Bau von Entwässerungssystemen unter der Oberfläche“, sagt Menegat. Create a Trip to save and organize all of your travel ideas, and see them on a map. Machu Picchu, also spelled Machupijchu, site of ancient Inca ruins located about 50 miles (80 km) northwest of Cuzco, Peru, in the Cordillera de Vilcabamba of the Andes Mountains. Manche glaubten, Machu Picchu war eine Art Festung der Inkas. Wir alle haben Machu Picchu schon hunderte mal auf Fotos gesehen und freuen uns selbst vor dieser beeindruckenden Kulisse zu stehen. The central buildings use the classical Inca architectural style of polished dry-stone walls of regular shape. Approximately 200 buildings are arranged on wide parallel terraces around an east–west central square. Es ist mit etwas Vorstellungsk… Machu Picchu is a 15th-century Inca citadel, located in the Eastern Cordillera of southern Peru, on a 2,430-metre (7,970 ft) mountain ridge. Machu Picchu vor Pachacuteq erbaut. Das ist die geheimnisumwobene antike Inka-Stadt, die so lange versteckt und vergessen war. Wer sich Zeit nimmt in Machu Picchu, entdeckt entlang der Trockensteinmauern noch eine ganze Anzahl weiterer, subtiler Gestaltungsdetails: sanft gerundete Ecken statt scharfer Häuserkanten, eine leichte Neigung der Raumecken zur Mitte hin, und wie ein L geschnittene Quadersteine, die zur Verbindung aufeinanderstoßender Mauern-Ecken dienen. Sanctuary Lodge, A Belmond Hotel, Machu Picchu. For this reason, the cave was inaccessible for much of the year. [85], In May 2012, a team of UNESCO conservation experts called upon Peruvian authorities to take "emergency measures" to further stabilize the site's buffer zone and protect it from damage, particularly in the nearby town of Aguas Calientes, which had grown rapidly.[86]. Sie liegt auf 2450 Meter Höhe. It made mortar and similar building methods nearly useless. The temple also has two trapezoidal windows, one facing 65°, called the "Solstice Window", and the other facing 132°, called the "Qullqa Window". The scan data is available online for research purposes. The temples are in the upper town, the warehouses in the lower. Most of the outlying buildings have been reconstructed in order to give tourists a better idea of how they originally appeared. Maps show references to Machu Picchu as early as 1874. In 2018, additional restrictions were placed on entrance. However, the terraces were not perfect, as studies of the land show that there were landslides that happened during the construction of Machu Picchu. The section of the mountain where Machu Picchu was built provided various challenges that the Incas solved with local materials. Inti Mach'ay is a special cave used to observe the Royal Feast of the Sun. Machu Picchu. Wie alt ist Machu Picchu? "Machu Picchu, seen through the eyes of Fernando Astete | Machu Picchu", "Machu Picchu Airlift Rescues 1,400 Tourists", "Machu Picchu to reopen earlier than expected after storms", "Peru's president: Yale agrees to return Incan artifacts", "Yale returns final Machu Picchu artifacts", Excerpted Clip of Machu Picchu from the film, "Artist Spotlight: Kimsooja's Threads of Culture", "Endhiran The Robot : First Indian movie to shoot at Machu Pichu", "Machu Picchu Welcomes Rajnikanth and India", "Completion Report to Instituto Nacional de Cultura on Archaeological Exploration of the Inca Trail on the East Flank of Machu Picchu and on Palynology of Terraces Part 1", "Completion Report to Instituto Nacional de Cultura on Archaeological Exploration of the Inca Trail on the East Flank of Machu Picchu and on Palynology of Terraces Part 2", "Completion Report to Instituto Nacional de Cultura on Archaeological Exploration of the Inca Trail on the East Flank of Machu Picchu and on Palynology of Terraces Part 3", Stories on Machu Picchu by Fernando Astete, former Chief of National Archaeological Park of Machupicchu, Time Photos – Machu Picchu: 100 Years Since Its Rediscovery, Archive of Fernando Astete, former Chief of the National Archaeological Park of Machupicchu, Historical Centre of the City of Arequipa, System of Islands, Islets and Guano Sites, Aledaño Bocatoma del Canal Nuevo Imperial, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Machu_Picchu&oldid=1016715937, 15th-century establishments in the Inca civilization, Buildings and structures completed in the 15th century, 16th-century disestablishments in the Inca civilization, Populated places established in the 1450s, Populated places disestablished in the 16th century, Articles with dead external links from December 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from July 2020, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from July 2020, Articles needing additional references from July 2018, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from September 2012, Articles with dead external links from August 2017, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 8 April 2021, at 17:58. One prominent artifact was a set of 15th-century, ceremonial Incan knives made from bismuth bronze; they are the earliest known artifact containing this alloy. Es hieß: Hier oben in den Bergen wähnten sie sich sicher vor feindlichen Indianern, die weiter unten im Tal lebten. [20]:141, 186–187[non-primary source needed], The expedition continued down the Urubamba and up the Vilcabamba Rivers examining all the ruins they could find. [88] In November 2010, Yale agreed to return the disputed artifacts. Wurde die Stadt wirklich von den Inkas erbaut? Heute umfasst die archäologische Stätte zwei Sektoren mit etwa 20 Hektar Fläche. Alvarez's 11-year-old son, Pablito, led Bingham along the ridge to the main ruins. Excavation started in 1912 with further excavation undertaken in 1914 and 1915. This section contains the Torreón, the massive tower which may have been used as an observatory.[50]. Many of the articles were exhibited at Yale's Peabody Museum. A "Serpent's Door" faces 340°, or just west of north, opening onto a series of 16 pools, and affording a view of Huayna Picchu. Though Machu Picchu is considered to be a "royal" estate, surprisingly, it would not have been passed down in the line of succession. The Intihuatana stone is one of many ritual stones in South America. Bingham organized another expedition in 1912 to undertake major clearing and excavation. Yale instead kept the artifacts until 2012, arguing that Peru lacked the infrastructure and systems to care for them. Obwohl die Stadt Machu Picchu oft als “Festung” bezeichnet wird, handelt es sich nicht um eine Festung, und es gibt keine Hinweise darauf, dass sie aus militärischen Gründen jemals von den dort lebenden Zivilisationen des Altertums und des 15. [18] It is possible that most of its inhabitants died from smallpox introduced by travelers before the Spanish conquistadors arrived in the area. [26], It is estimated that the area around the site has received more than 1,800 mm (71 in) of rain per year since AD 1450, which was more than needed to support crop growth there. The Inca Bridge, an Inca grass rope bridge, across the Urubamba River in the Pongo de Mainique, provided a secret entrance for the Inca army. [18][page needed], Studies show that according to their skeletal remains, most people who lived there were immigrants from diverse backgrounds. But what first strikes the visitor is the exquisite stonework of the city’s most elegant buildings. 4-Day Trek to Machu Picchu Through the Inca Trail, PeruRail Vistadome Panoramic Train to Machu Picchu, Inca Trail to Machu Picchu Responsible Trek, The 360 ° Machu Picchu Train by Inca Rail, Best of Peru 6-Day Cusco, Machu Picchu, and Lake Titicaca Tour, 4-Day Machu Picchu with Biking, Rafting, Ziplining from Cusco, 4-Day Lares Trek to Machu Picchu from Cusco, 4-Day Classic Machu Picchu Inca Jungle Trek, Hotels with Complimentary Breakfast in Machu Picchu, Hotels near Santuario Historico de Machu Picchu, Hotels near Hot Springs (Aguas Calientes), Santuario Historico de Machu Picchu: Tickets & Tours‎, Temple of the Three Windows: Tickets & Tours‎.